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Advanced Techniques for Designing Exciting Fused Glass

Succulents as seen in Simple Pleasures Glass Fusing with Lisa Vogt video.

When I step into my studio, I know the subject or focal point of the fused glass project I intend to make. I may plan to build a piece with a sailboat or something with a geometric pattern. It’s that basic plan that fuels my artistic actions. Making the subject is easy. But I don’t stop there.

Consider the background space.

The background is equally, and possibly more important than the subject. How the background is handled can dramatically improve the power and appeal of a work of art. A good background enhances the focal point. It reinforces the subject with images or shapes that establish setting or create a mood that further support the artist’s specific visual goals.

Evolution of a design background.

Let’s examine a few fused glass designs together. I’ll show you how the addition of simple, complementary elements can sway the design direction. And how the choices you make can produce unique, exciting designs.

I start my design process with the specific subject I want to create. In this case I wanted to make succulent flowers. Notice how simple the succulent flower pattern is without a background design in place.

I could have used plain blue and green glass for the background to suggest an outdoor location. That would have worked fine. But, with a little more thought, creativity, and time I created a background that entirely changed my subject for the better. I used hand-made stencils along with powder frit to add a garden setting to my flowers. It worked. The subtle leafy pattern and hint of blue sky dramatically increase the charm and beauty of my finished bowl.

     

Succulents as seen in Simple Pleasures Glass Fusing with Lisa Vogt video.

For my next design my focal point was bees. It’s such a simple yet bold subject that I could have easily executed it beautifully with a plain background. But plain isn’t my style. I could have placed them in any number of settings. I thought about sitting them on top of flowers, or on the side of a beehive hanging from a tree limb. But at the time, the rich golden colors and angular geometry of a honeycomb appealed to me more.

Look at the bee pattern alone. Then look at it again in the completed piece. You must admit the addition of the honeycomb background seriously increased the bees artistic influence on the finished piece of art.       

Buzzing Bees as seen in Simple Pleasures Glass Fusing with Lisa Vogt video.

Another simple design I favor is a wine glass. It’s graceful shape and promise of relaxing with good company make it dear to my heart. The problem is the basic design lacks personality. Its screaming for a creative treatment that takes us away to a picturesque retreat. This pattern is great for imagining different background settings and how they would change the art’s mood. For example, picture a background with a fireplace and open book. Or how about a loaded cheese board with fruit or a sunny beach with palm trees. Better yet, make a dimly lit cave with a witch’s caldron and spider webs in the background. Each of these design ideas are easy to make. So, there’s no excuse not to try it for yourself. And there’s no doubt that the life they would breath into the original design would make it better.     

Wine Glass as seen in Simple Pleasures Glass Fusing with Lisa Vogt video.

These examples illustrate the incredible impact the background has on your fused glass design. I hope I’ve given insight into my design process and simple ideas you can use to liven up your own artwork.

Knowing what you want to make is exciting. But don’t let your imagination stop with the focal point. Do more. Customize the background to transform ordinary patterns into something special that reflects your unique and flourishing artistic style.

Excerpt and designs from my Simple Pleasures video. 

NEW Advanced Glass Fusing Class

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May 28-31, 2024

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Someday is here! What are you waiting for? You’re in your prime. You’re at the peak of your interest in glass fusing. Take the next step and raise your artwork to an exciting new level of sophistication.

Join me for this intense workshop held in my private studio.
Wesley Chapel, Florida, 4-Day, Hands-on, Class size is limited.

In this class, you will push the boundaries art glass imposes. Students will explore innovative approaches to design and combine multiple advanced techniques to construct original art that reflects their own personal style. You’ll enjoy: the one-on-one instruction, making multifaceted projects, the well-equipped classroom, and the intimate class size.

You’ll love the concentrated, in-depth study and creative momentum you’ll gain while actively producing, nonstop for four consecutive days. You’ll leave class with a working knowledge of kiln operation, custom project specific firing guides, and the inspiration you’ve been craving to go bigger and do more elaborate works of fused glass art!

Join me and take your glass fusing to the next level!

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Happy Fusing!

Lisa

Knowledge – Confidence - Inspiration

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Glass Fusing Defined

Glass fusing is the process of stacking compatible glass to make a pattern or design. The stacked glass is then heated in a kiln until it melts together.

Because glass expands and contracts when heated and cooled, glass we fuse together must be compatible with each other. If they aren’t, stress cracks or breakage will result. We use glass that has been specially formulated and tested to be compatible.

Several manufacturers make fusing compatible glass, and each manufacturer has their own recommended temperatures to achieve specific results. We work with two primary families of fusible glass 96 COE and 90 COE. COE, (Coefficient of Expansion) refers to the rate at which a specific family of glass expands when heated and contracts as it cools. The expectation is that glass with the same COE is compatible with each other. It is believed it will expand and contract at the same rate during firing. For a fusing project to be enduring, all the glass used in a single project must have the same COE. Using the same COE will produce the most reliable and durable results. If incompatible glass is used together in a single project the glass will break due to internal stress, immediately or in time.

The firing process occurs in two basic stages: heating and cooling. During heating we take the kiln and glass project inside from room temperature to a target temperature of 1100°F – 1600°F (593°C – 871°C)depending on the type of fused “look” we want. At about 1365°F – 1385°F (742°C – 752°C) the glass will stick together. We call that tack fuse. At 1400F – 1425F (760C – 774C) the glass layers are fused, and the edges are soft and rounded. We call that a contour fuse. At 1465°F – 1480°F (796°C – 804°C), the different glass layers completely melt into one smooth piece. We call that full fuse.

Common Temperatures for Glass Fusing

Full Fuse 96 COE 1465°F (796°C), 90 COE 1480°F (804°C): At this temperature the glass pieces are melted together to form one smooth piece with visible, but not textural seams.

Contour Fuse 96 COE 1425°F (774°C), 90 COE 1400°F (760°C): At this temperature the glass layers are fused, and the edges are soft and rounded.

Tack Fuse 96 COE 1365°F (742°C), 90 COE 1385°F (752°C): Here the glass pieces will stick together. The edges of the glass will be square, shiny, and no longer sharp.

Slump 96 COE 1265F (685C), 90 COE 1265°F (685°C): At this temperature the glass will sag into and conform to the shape of a mold.

Once we have achieved the look we want, we begin the cooling stages.

Glass is sensitive to temperature change between room temperature and 1000°F (538°C). If we heat or cool the glass too quickly in this range breakage will result. We bring the glass down from the target temperature to 1000°F (538°C) quickly. Then we slowly bring the temperature down to room temperature. On the way down annealing takes place at 950°F (510°C) for 96 COE, 900°F (485°C) for 90 COE glass.

At this temperature we relieve the internal stress in the super-heated glass by holding it at the anneal temperature for a period of time. This allows all the glass in the project to equalize. How long this hold takes depends on the size and thickness of the project. The bigger the project and the thicker the glass the longer the hold. Proper annealing is crucial to the success of the project. Without adequate annealing the glass will break, in the kiln or later.

Anneal Temperatures Vary by Manufacturer

Each family of fusing material has its own temperature range and recommended hold time. Consult the manufactures published guides for specifics.

Once annealing is complete, we patiently allow the kiln and the project inside to slowly returned to room temperature.

Whether heating or cooling, it’s important to allow plenty of time for the glass to change temperature otherwise thermal shock, breakage caused by rapid temperature change, can occur.

If in doubt, fire slower.

Safety First: It’s important to note that the materials like glass and supplies like shelf paper that we put inside the kiln are special high-refractory materials designed to withstand excessive heat and are purchased at your art glass supplier specifically for kiln work.

Pro Tips:

  • Kilns fire differently, test fire your kiln and adjust the firing temperatures as needed.
  • Take notes and before and after pictures so you can repeat your successes and learn from mistakes.
  • Let large projects rest undisturbed overnight before opening the kiln.

For more information visit my website here.

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Happy Fusing!

Lisa

Knowledge – Confidence - Inspiration

Premium Video Courses by Lisa


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There is NO Always or Never in Glass Fusing

Glass fusers constantly ask me for advice. They want me to give them concrete answers to their questions. They seek the comfort and consistency of solid solutions to all their inquiries.

It’s just not that simple.  

There are SO many variables. How big is the project? What size kiln is being used, what type of construction are you using? Just to name a few. It’s impossible to give an accurate assessment of your process without knowing every detail of your specific construction and equipment.  

I’ve been fusing glass for 38 years. I consider myself experienced, not an expert. I don’t have all the answers. However, I use my years of experimentation to come up with practical solutions for building new projects and to solve unexpected problems.

Be smart. If someone offers, you must do it this way advice, they don’t know what they’re talking about. There’s no way they can take all the unknowns into account and give you valuable guidance.   

It’s your job as the artist to do your own research.

When you have a question about how to proceed on a project, it’s your job as the artist to do your own research. Find the best practices for you, in your workspace with your materials and then make educated decisions on how to complete the artwork to the best of your ability.     

A comment on one of my YouTube videos prompted this blog topic. The fuser asked if a slumping mold should be placed on kiln posts, instead of the kiln floor, to allow air circulation. This is a perfect example of, it depends. How big is the kiln? Where are the heating coils in the kiln? How tall is the mold?  Optimally, it’s best if the fused glass sitting on the mold is as far away from the heating coils as possible to prevent breakage. If you’re using a deep kiln and there’s room, sure put the mold on posts. If the kiln is shallow, I’d place the mold directly on the kiln floor.

It’s okay to take advice and only use the part that works for you. In fact, take lots of advice and make up your own personalized best practices. After all, you’re an artist, apply your creative spirit to the entire process technical facets included.  

You got this!

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Happy Fusing!

Lisa

Knowledge – Confidence - Inspiration

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Design Like an Artist

6 Advanced Tips For Designing Exciting Fused Glass Art

Poppy from Fused Art Design Video by Lisa Vogt

You’re artistic, crafty, gifted, talented, whatever title you favor, like me, you’re a hands-on creative who loves making exciting art. Being a veteran member of this inspired group, it’s likely you already apply some of these design concepts in your work and in your everyday life. My intention here is to bring to light the increased value of purposefully incorporating these ideas in all of your artistic endeavors. 

Stand-out glass art is the result of careful planning and mindful execution. Yes, it takes forethought. But once you see the incredible benefits a little preparation can bring, you’ll actually enjoy the process as much as I do.  

After Glow by Lisa & Joe Vogt

Elements of good design that’ll take your glass artwork to the next level.

Rule of thirds.

This rule refers to the way the artistic composition of a piece of art is planned and laid out. Begin by dividing the project shape into three even pieces vertically and horizontally. Think of it like the lines of an imaginary tic-tac-toe board are superimposed over the project. Then place design elements along the imaginary lines, or better yet where two lines intersect. This placement creates desirable tension that engages the viewer and therefore holds their attention much longer.

Unless the design is geometric, avoid placing design elements in the center of the artwork. This type of symmetry creates a calming setting that’s easily ignored.

Work in odd numbers.

When designing your pattern include an odd number of design elements. If you’re drawing flowers, have 3, 5 or 7 blossoms. This pleasing setup meets the viewer’s expectation, plus it amps up the tension and the repeat adds continuity to the overall design. 

Include a focal point.

Every design can benefit from having a focal point. The focal point can be literal and pictorial like a bird or tree. Or it can be abstract like a specific design element, an unexpected shape, a field of contrasting color or an unusual texture. Focal points anchor the viewer to the art. They lure them in and invite them to stay awhile and look around to see how the focal point relates to the remainder of the artwork. 

Party Animals by Lisa Vogt

Place design elements in a triangular fashion.

Placing design elements in a triangular pattern creates a visual flow that encourages the viewer’s eyes to move around the design. Your artist guidance, in the form of strategically placed design elements, is a personal invitation to interact and communicate with the viewer. That’s powerful stuff!  

Repeat shapes, elements and patterns.

If you use a shape, design element or pattern in one place consider repeating it two more times. For example, if a circle appears in one place, add two more. This level of planning shows your commitment to your design and the confidence you have in your work. Plus, it adds depth that raises the sophistication level of the work as a whole.

Repeat colors.

Color plays an important role in the visual impact of art. It sets the tone and mood for the work. It also unifies the piece. You can increase the dramatic impact of your work by repeating colors at least three times. This adds continuity and shows the artist’s higher level of seriousness and commitment to the art.

When selecting colors plan to use multiple shades of the same color, like yellow, sunflower yellow, light amber, medium amber and dark amber in combination to create shading and add contrast.

Tiger by Lisa Vogt

Small changes have a BIG impact! 

When you stop to think about it, it’s likely you’re using many of these concepts every day. When you decorate the coffee table you arrange three candles in a corner, not in the middle. The candles are likely three different heights that visually forms a triangle. You selected candle colors that are repeated in your decor.

Now, put it all together. Purposely apply these simple design tips when making your glass art and you’ll see a wonderful increase in the beauty and desirability of your finished artwork.

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Happy Fusing!

Lisa

Knowledge – Confidence - Inspiration

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Make Glass Art with Personality that Sells!

Why Make Boring When You Can Make Beautiful?

We recently went to an arts and crafts show. I was happy to see fused glass well represented among booths brimming with nature paintings, fancy greeting cards, beaded jewelry and plenty of other artsy creations.  

I cruised the fused glass booths and noticed a trend. The tables were overflowing with plain drink coasters, small, single color rectangular dishes and simple square plates. The occasional floral former vase stood out here and there. And the few bowls made with Fuser’s Reserve, a glass with a bold pattern, were a welcome splash of color.

Friendship Bowl by Lisa Vogt

I left the show feeling oddly disappointed. Later, I tried to pin point the reason for my unrest. The fused glass was well executed. The crafters showed a sound working knowledge of the firing process. Technically, there was nothing wrong with their work. But nothing stood out.

Of all the pieces on display, only one was memorable. It was a rectangular table-top piece nicely displayed in a gallery quality, iron stand. The design featured bright Gerber Daisy style flowers beautifully clustered in groups on a sky-blue background.

The floral composition was simple, yet unique and original. But the real reason it stood out, and left a lasting impression was because the artist’s personality was apparent in the design. That’s when I realized what the other projects were lacking, personality.

I understand doing a show is a lot of work. It’s hard to predict what will sell. You want to appeal to buyer’s spontaneous desire to bring a treasure home. A token to commemorate the fun they had walking around the craft show. And so, you build safe projects that you hope have universal appeal. But the problem is they’re missing an important element critical to art, originality.

We work in a dazzling medium. Your work should reflect the beauty of the medium, as well as your individual flare for crafting innovative pieces with glass.

Get your work noticed!

Instead of worrying about price points and cash flow, focus on making art that excites you. Set your artistic, creative spirit free. Your style may not appeal to everyone. That’s okay. It’s better to let your passion show. Don’t sellout and make boring pieces hoping to get a few bucks in exchange. Wouldn’t you rather sell fewer pieces to customers who truly appreciate them for their beauty, rather than their function? I would.   

Develop your own design style.

Narrow down colors and patterns that speak to you. Then combine those elements to create art all your own. Be bold. Experiment with different techniques. Pair unusual or unexpected colors. Have fun. The excitement it generates in you, will be evident in your new work. It’s a surefire way to make your art stand out of the crowd.   

Want more in-depth methods for developing your own style? I delve more deeply into this concept and show you, how to develop your own design style in my Breaking Through, Making Gallery Quality Art Video and in my Fused Art Design Video.   

In my Fused Art Design Video, I show you how to pair complimentary design ideas to elevate the overall visual power of your artwork. Once revealed, you’ll see it’s a simple concept that’s easily implemented. Combine this theory with your artistic flare, and you’ll rapidly advance your glass work from craft to art.

It takes time, dedication, a meticulous skill set and money to plan and make art for a craft show. Make your effort count by designing artwork that’s memorable long after the show is over.

Happy Fusing!

Lisa

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